The crater TjarnargÃgur, commonly referred to as Pond Crater, is a remarkable geological feature that stands as a testament to the powerful volcanic activity that occurred during the notorious Skaftáreldar eruption of 1783–1784 in Iceland. This eruption is one of the most significant volcanic events in Icelandic history and is characterized by its extensive lava flows and the formation of numerous craters, including TjarnargÃgur. This particular crater is part of a striking linear arrangement of craters that extends over an impressive distance of approximately 25 kilometers, showcasing the immense scale of the volcanic activity that reshaped the landscape during that period.
Geology of TjarnargÃgur
The geological age of TjarnargÃgur is relatively young, which contributes to the unique ecological characteristics of the surrounding area. The landscape here is predominantly composed of rugged lava formations, interspersed with patches of vibrant green moss that thrive in this harsh environment. The combination of freshly formed volcanic rock and the delicate moss creates a fragile ecosystem that is particularly sensitive to environmental changes. This sensitivity is not only due to the recent geological activity but also because the moss plays a crucial role in soil formation and stabilization in such a volatile landscape.
Surrounding area of TjarnargÃgur
As one explores the vicinity of TjarnargÃgur, it becomes evident that the interplay between the raw, rugged lava and the soft, lush moss creates a striking contrast that captivates visitors. The area is often marked by the remnants of past eruptions, offering a glimpse into the dynamic geological processes that have shaped Iceland over millennia. The craters, including TjarnargÃgur, serve as important indicators of the region's volcanic history, providing scientists and geologists with valuable insights into the behavior of Iceland's volcanoes and the impact of such eruptions on the environment.
More to do around TjarnargÃgur
Furthermore, the ecological significance of TjarnargÃgur and its surrounding landscape is underscored by the presence of various plant species that have adapted to thrive in the challenging conditions created by the volcanic soil. These adaptations highlight nature's resilience and the ongoing process of ecological succession that follows such dramatic geological events. As time progresses, the area around TjarnargÃgur continues to evolve, gradually transitioning from a barren volcanic landscape to a more diverse and stable ecosystem.
Although there are many craters at LakagÃgar, TjarnargÃgur is one of the more impressive ones. One of the reasons is the water that forms a small pond within the crater. The water is pristine, and because of the small diameter and the 12-meter depth, the pond displays a beautiful turquoise color, at least on a clear day. Consequently, TjarnargÃgur is quite photogenic and worth visiting if you plan a driving tour to LakagÃgar and Laki.
One of the most impressive natural wonders in the Highland:
LakagÃgar (Laki Craters) is located in the middle of the Icelandic Highland. Like all places in the Highland, it remains open for only part of the year. Usually, the road opens in late June or in the first two weeks of July, depending on how fast the road dries up after the snow melts during spring. Most of the interesting places around TjarnargÃgur and other craters were created in the Skaftáreldar eruption.
There is a parking lot near TjarnargÃgur with excellent facilities to take a halt and have a picnic. By the crater, there are two interesting walking paths: one to the pond and another, a bit longer, in the lava. Both have a mystical atmosphere as the whole surrounding along the way is unusual due to the peace and quiet one experiences while walking through lava covered with thick moss. It is on our list of places that are ideal for families and kids.
Access to tjarnargÃgur is not easy and requires a 4x4 vehicle:
TjarnargÃgur is located approximately six kilometers west of the Laki mountain. The road to Laki and TjarnargÃgur is a rugged, difficult one with many rivers to cross and, therefore, fit for only a good 4X4 vehicle. Moreover, it requires a lot of patience to drive the road as your average speed for the whole 40 kilometers is probably under 30 kilometers per hour. The same applies to the drive back. You start your drive by turning north on the Ring Road Nr. 1 on the south shore near the small village of Kirkjubærjarklaustur. Here, you turn to Holtsvegur (Road Nr. 206). After driving just two kilometers, you turn north again to the Lakavegur (Highland Road Nr. F206). When you reach Laki, you turn west on the Highland Road F207 to go to TjarnargÃgur.
In summary, TjarnargÃgur is not just a crater formed from a historical volcanic eruption; it is a vital piece of Iceland's geological and ecological tapestry. The interplay of lava and moss, the sensitivity of the environment, and the historical context of the Skaftáreldar eruption all contribute to the significance of this remarkable feature, making it a point of interest for both scientific study and tourism in Iceland.
If you're planning to tour Iceland in a rental car, make sure to read this article about the three important things you need to know and the type of car that would be best for your trip!
